Author

Jessica Jones

Jessica Jones writes theUnhashed's technical explainers: how a protocol actually works, where its trust sits, and what a design choice costs. She covers consensus, scaling, zero-knowledge systems and smart contract security, and treats a specification as the primary source.
EducationBIP-110 Shows When a Bitcoin Minority Can, and Cannot, Enforce a Soft Fork

BIP-110 Shows When a Bitcoin Minority Can, and Cannot, Enforce a Soft Fork

BIP-110’s soft-fork dispute over inscriptions and OP_RETURN reveals why minority nodes need miners and economic infrastructure to turn stricter rules into Bitcoin’s practical consensus for everyone.

Education ·
NewsEthereum’s Leaner Future Could Put Validator Accounting Behind STARKs

Ethereum’s Leaner Future Could Put Validator Accounting Behind STARKs

Vitalik Buterin’s lean Ethereum proposal could move validator accounting off-chain into STARK proofs, reducing node state while raising new questions about data availability, proving infrastructure, withdrawals and governance.

News ·
EthereumEthereum’s Scaling Race Tests the Link Between Growth and ETH Demand

Ethereum’s Scaling Race Tests the Link Between Growth and ETH Demand

Ethereum's scaling strategy is shifting activity to layer-2s, lowering fees and expanding capacity. The article examines blobs, rollup growth, ETH demand, fee burning, security and whether adoption translates into lasting token value.

Ethereum ·
EducationEthereum’s Daily STARK Idea Moves the Chain’s Burden, Not Its Trust Problem

Ethereum’s Daily STARK Idea Moves the Chain’s Burden, Not Its Trust Problem

Vitalik Buterin’s Extremely Lean Ethereum proposal would replace recurring validator balance processing with daily STARK proofs, reducing onchain state while raising crucial questions about data availability, proving power and recovery.

Education ·
EducationBitcoin’s Quantum Recovery Test: Proving the Seed, Not the Stolen Key

Bitcoin’s Quantum Recovery Test: Proving the Seed, Not the Stolen Key

Project Eleven’s zero-knowledge prototype could help Bitcoin owners prove wallet provenance after quantum attacks expose private keys, while BIP-361 raises difficult questions about frozen coins, legacy wallets and network governance.

Education ·
NewsWhat Zcash’s Orchard Upgrade Says a Shielded Proof Must Prove

What Zcash’s Orchard Upgrade Says a Shielded Proof Must Prove

Zcash’s Orchard emergency upgrade exposed how a zero-knowledge proof can verify while proving the wrong statement, highlighting risks in circuit design, nullifier binding and shielded-pool accounting.

News ·
EthereumPeerDAS Makes Ethereum Data Cheaper, Not Automatically Reconstructible

PeerDAS Makes Ethereum Data Cheaper, Not Automatically Reconstructible

Ethereum’s PeerDAS upgrade makes rollup data cheaper to verify and supports higher blob capacity, but sampling does not guarantee users can reconstruct transaction inputs, recover state, or exit without robust rollup infrastructure.

Ethereum ·
EthereumWhat Ethereum’s FOCIL Upgrade Will Actually Guarantee Against Censorship

What Ethereum’s FOCIL Upgrade Will Actually Guarantee Against Censorship

Ethereum’s planned FOCIL upgrade could make censorship of valid public transactions harder, but its bounded inclusion guarantee depends on propagation, eligibility, capacity, honest validators, and Ethereum’s security assumptions.

Ethereum ·
BlockchainPasskeys Move to the Front Line of Crypto Wallet Security

Passkeys Move to the Front Line of Crypto Wallet Security

Passkeys are reshaping crypto wallet security, offering phishing-resistant authentication while raising new questions about recovery, self-custody, cloud synchronization and transaction approval as exchanges and wallet providers seek safer mainstream adoption.

Blockchain ·
EthereumEthereum’s Next Scaling Test Is About More Than Lower Fees

Ethereum’s Next Scaling Test Is About More Than Lower Fees

Ethereum’s next scaling phase will be judged by more than lower fees, balancing rollup efficiency, security, validator decentralization and sustainable economics for developers, investors and users.

Ethereum ·
RippleXRPL Relayer Bug Let DefaultRipple Misclassify TX Chain Bridge Payments

XRPL Relayer Bug Let DefaultRipple Misclassify TX Chain Bridge Payments

A suspected XRPL relayer bug involving DefaultRipple allegedly misclassified cross-currency payments, exposing the TX Chain bridge to false deposit claims, asset losses, and wider concerns over blockchain interoperability security.

Ripple ·
EthereumEthereum’s Scaling Bet Tests Where Blockchain Value Will Accrue

Ethereum’s Scaling Bet Tests Where Blockchain Value Will Accrue

Ethereum’s scaling strategy moves activity to layer-2 networks, challenging the blockchain to balance lower fees, rollup growth, decentralization, fee revenue and lasting value for ETH and its settlement layer.

Ethereum ·
EthereumEthereum’s Next Test Is Making Scale Feel Simple

Ethereum’s Next Test Is Making Scale Feel Simple

Ethereum’s scaling roadmap is moving beyond raw throughput, focusing on cheaper rollup data, simpler accounts, predictable fees and better interoperability as the network competes to become practical infrastructure for DeFi, payments and businesses.

Ethereum ·
Newstx Halts XRPL Bridge After Exploit Drains XRP From Reserve Wallet

tx Halts XRPL Bridge After Exploit Drains XRP From Reserve Wallet

tx has halted its XRPL bridge after an Aug. 9 exploit drained XRP from a reserve wallet. The project has not disclosed the stolen amount, attack method or restart timeline.

News ·
SolanaSolana Narrowly Avoided a Finality Halt After Routing Bug Hit 28.83% of Stake

Solana Narrowly Avoided a Finality Halt After Routing Bug Hit 28.83% of Stake

Solana narrowly avoided a finality halt after a routing bug made 90 validators delinquent, affecting 28.83% of staked SOL and exposing risks tied to stake and infrastructure concentration.

Solana ·
SolanaMarinade Flags Hidden Infrastructure Risk in Solana’s Stake Allocation

Marinade Flags Hidden Infrastructure Risk in Solana’s Stake Allocation

Marinade warns that four autonomous system numbers control about two-thirds of Stake Auction Marketplace stake, exposing Solana to hidden infrastructure concentration and correlated validator failures.

Solana ·
SolanaSolana’s Routing Near-Miss Exposes the Risk of Hidden Validator Concentration

Solana’s Routing Near-Miss Exposes the Risk of Hidden Validator Concentration

Solana narrowly avoided losing transaction finality after a routing failure disrupted nearly 29% of staked SOL, exposing hidden concentration across validators, network providers and failover systems.

Solana ·
SolanaSolana’s Near-Halt Exposes the Infrastructure Beneath Validator Decentralization

Solana’s Near-Halt Exposes the Infrastructure Beneath Validator Decentralization

A routing failure at Teraswitch’s Miami facility briefly put nearly 29% of Solana’s staked SOL offline, exposing hidden infrastructure concentration and narrowing the network’s margin against a finality halt.

Solana ·
SolanaMoneyGram Brings Solana Cash Ramps to More Than 170 Withdrawal Markets

MoneyGram Brings Solana Cash Ramps to More Than 170 Withdrawal Markets

MoneyGram is bringing Solana cash ramps to more than 170 withdrawal markets, connecting wallets and digital assets with local currency payouts, physical cash access and global remittance infrastructure.

Solana ·
BlockchainHarmony’s 4 Billion-ONE Crisis Puts Blockchain Finality to the Test

Harmony’s 4 Billion-ONE Crisis Puts Blockchain Finality to the Test

Harmony is confronting an apparent exploit that created roughly 4 billion unauthorized ONE tokens, forcing a high-stakes debate over rollback, blockchain finality, supply integrity and network governance.

Blockchain ·
EthereumEthereum’s Next Scaling Test Is Turning Protocol Upgrades Into User Gains

Ethereum’s Next Scaling Test Is Turning Protocol Upgrades Into User Gains

Ethereum’s scaling roadmap is entering a critical delivery test as blob capacity, account abstraction and interoperability aim to turn technical upgrades into cheaper transactions and better user experiences.

Ethereum ·
EthereumEthereum’s Next Upgrade Cycle Tests the Economics of Layer-2 Scaling

Ethereum’s Next Upgrade Cycle Tests the Economics of Layer-2 Scaling

Ethereum’s next upgrade cycle tests whether blob capacity and layer-2 scaling can lower costs, preserve decentralization and simplify user experience as rollups expand across the network.

Ethereum ·
EthereumEthereum’s Layer-2 Race Shifts From Cheap Blocks to Durable Ecosystems

Ethereum’s Layer-2 Race Shifts From Cheap Blocks to Durable Ecosystems

Ethereum’s layer-2 race is moving beyond cheap transactions as investors assess liquidity, stablecoins, developer retention, incentives, interoperability and security to identify durable ecosystems and lasting value.

Ethereum ·
EthereumEthereum’s Scaling Test Is Whether Growth Reaches Users, Not Just Layer 2s

Ethereum’s Scaling Test Is Whether Growth Reaches Users, Not Just Layer 2s

Ethereum’s scaling test is moving beyond base-layer fees: sustainable growth depends on whether rollups, validators, upgrades and regulation deliver cheaper, safer, simpler access for real users.

Ethereum ·
DeFiDeFi Governance Tests Whether Decentralization Can Manage Risk

DeFi Governance Tests Whether Decentralization Can Manage Risk

DeFi governance faces a critical test as token holders weigh growth, incentives and treasury spending against collateral, stablecoin and decentralization risks that could shape protocol resilience and adoption.

DeFi ·
EthereumEthereum’s Scaling Push Tests How Fast the Network Can Evolve

Ethereum’s Scaling Push Tests How Fast the Network Can Evolve

Ethereum’s scaling roadmap is expanding rollup capacity, improving user experience and lowering fees while developers balance security, decentralization, client readiness and ether’s evolving value proposition.

Ethereum ·
BlockchainCrypto’s Security Reset: Why Exchanges and DeFi Must Earn User Trust

Crypto’s Security Reset: Why Exchanges and DeFi Must Earn User Trust

Crypto’s next phase will depend on verifiable security, resilient custody and transparent incident response as exchange breaches, bridge exploits and DeFi failures reshape user trust.

Blockchain ·
EthereumEthereum’s Scaling Push Turns to the Economics of Everyday Blockchain Use

Ethereum’s Scaling Push Turns to the Economics of Everyday Blockchain Use

Ethereum’s scaling roadmap is shifting toward blob capacity, layer-2 economics and interoperability as developers seek cheaper transactions without sacrificing validator participation, security or usability at scale.

Ethereum ·
EthereumEthereum’s Scaling Road Map Puts Fees and Execution Back at the Center

Ethereum’s Scaling Road Map Puts Fees and Execution Back at the Center

Ethereum’s scaling roadmap targets blob capacity, rollup fees, validator demands, account abstraction, and execution improvements as developers balance growth, usability, security, and decentralization across a competitive blockchain market.

Ethereum ·
EthereumEthereum’s Scaling Push Tests the Network’s Next Economic Model

Ethereum’s Scaling Push Tests the Network’s Next Economic Model

Ethereum’s scaling roadmap is reshaping its economic model as layer-2 growth, lower fees, account abstraction and stablecoin adoption test Ether’s long-term value capture and network security.

Ethereum ·
EthereumAave Streamlines Its DeFi Empire by Retiring Six Blockchain Deployments

Aave Streamlines Its DeFi Empire by Retiring Six Blockchain Deployments

Aave is making one of the largest optimization moves in its history. The leading decentralized lending protocol has announced plans to retire six blockchain deployments while removing dozens of underutilized asset reserves, signaling a clear shift toward efficiency over expansion. The decision affec

Ethereum ·
EthereumMorgan Stanley Pushes Beyond Bitcoin With Low-Fee Ethereum and Solana ETPs

Morgan Stanley Pushes Beyond Bitcoin With Low-Fee Ethereum and Solana ETPs

Morgan Stanley is widening the institutional gateway into digital assets, launching exchange-traded products tied to ether and Solana’s SOL alongside its existing bitcoin offering. The expansion is more than another pair of crypto listings. It marks a deeper commitment by a major Wall Street asset m

Ethereum ·
EthereumLido Begins Its Biggest Upgrade Since 2023 With $16.5 Billion stETH Migration

Lido Begins Its Biggest Upgrade Since 2023 With $16.5 Billion stETH Migration

Lido, the largest liquid staking protocol on Ethereum, has launched its most significant infrastructure upgrade in nearly three years. The protocol is migrating more than 8 million stETH, representing approximately $16.5 billion in value, to a completely new validator architecture in a move designed

Ethereum ·
EthereumCrypto’s Stablecoin Pipeline Is Running Dry, But the Signal Is More Complicated Than It Looks

Crypto’s Stablecoin Pipeline Is Running Dry, But the Signal Is More Complicated Than It Looks

Stablecoins are often described as the crypto market’s dry powder: dollar-linked capital that can move quickly into Bitcoin, Ether and smaller digital assets when traders see an opportunity. That reserve of potential demand has not disappeared, but much less of it is currently reaching centralized e

Ethereum ·
NewsBitMEX to Shut Down After 11 Years: The End of a Crypto Pioneer

BitMEX to Shut Down After 11 Years: The End of a Crypto Pioneer

One of the most influential exchanges in cryptocurrency history is preparing to close its doors. BitMEX, the derivatives trading platform that introduced perpetual futures and helped define modern crypto trading, has announced that it will cease operations on September 23, 2026. The decision marks t

News ·
BitcoinSui Brings Bitcoin Into DeFi with Hashi Testnet, Without Traditional Bridges

Sui Brings Bitcoin Into DeFi with Hashi Testnet, Without Traditional Bridges

Bitcoin has long been described as the world’s largest untapped source of decentralized finance liquidity. More than $1 trillion in value sits on the Bitcoin blockchain, yet only a small fraction is actively used in lending, borrowing or other on-chain financial applications. The primary obsta

Bitcoin ·
NewsCLARITY Act Nears a Defining Vote as Crypto Regulation Gains Momentum in Washington

CLARITY Act Nears a Defining Vote as Crypto Regulation Gains Momentum in Washington

The long-running debate over cryptocurrency regulation in the United States may finally be approaching a turning point. After years of uncertainty over which federal agency should oversee digital assets, lawmakers are once again pushing the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act, better known as the CLARIT

News ·
AltcoinsAllbridge Core Drained in $1.65 Million Exploit as Stolen Funds Move to Ethereum

Allbridge Core Drained in $1.65 Million Exploit as Stolen Funds Move to Ethereum

Allbridge Core has become the latest cross-chain protocol to discover how quickly a liquidity imbalance can turn into a seven-figure loss. An attacker exploited the bridge’s Solana deployment for an estimated $1.65 million, moved the stolen assets from Solana to Ethereum and began routing the funds

Altcoins ·
NewsVisa’s OUSD Platform Turns Stablecoins Into Institutional Payment Infrastructure

Visa’s OUSD Platform Turns Stablecoins Into Institutional Payment Infrastructure

Visa is no longer treating stablecoins as an experimental feature attached to the edges of its payment network. With the launch of the Visa Stablecoin Platform, the company is building a dedicated operating layer through which banks, fintechs and payment providers can mint, hold, transfer and redeem

News ·
EthereumBase Finally Has a Viral Memecoin: How DOJI Turned Eight Months of Silence Into a 400x Explosion

Base Finally Has a Viral Memecoin: How DOJI Turned Eight Months of Silence Into a 400x Explosion

For months, the memecoin spotlight has belonged almost entirely to Solana. Explosive launches, relentless speculation and deep liquidity have made the network the undisputed home of crypto’s latest viral tokens. Meanwhile, Coinbase-backed Base has struggled to produce a breakout success capabl

Ethereum ·
EthereumEthereum’s Former Privacy Team Launches EthSystems to Bring Banks Onchain

Ethereum’s Former Privacy Team Launches EthSystems to Bring Banks Onchain

Ethereum’s institutional ambitions have always collided with one uncomfortable reality: public blockchains reveal too much. Banks, asset managers and major corporations may be interested in tokenized assets and blockchain settlement, but few are willing, or legally able, to expose their positions, cou

Ethereum ·
EthereumRobinhood Chain Out-Traded Ethereum in Two Weeks, But the Real Story Is a Memecoin Liquidity Machine

Robinhood Chain Out-Traded Ethereum in Two Weeks, But the Real Story Is a Memecoin Liquidity Machine

A blockchain launched to move stocks on-chain has needed less than two weeks to become one of crypto’s busiest speculative casinos. Robinhood Chain, the Ethereum Layer 2 introduced publicly on July 1, 2026, briefly processed about $808 million in decentralized-exchange volume over a rolling 24-hour

Ethereum ·
NewsCFTC Chair: Prediction Markets Are “The Next Crypto” as Washington Signals a New Era for Digital Finance

CFTC Chair: Prediction Markets Are “The Next Crypto” as Washington Signals a New Era for Digital Finance

Prediction markets may be approaching the kind of expansion that turned cryptocurrency from a narrow experiment into a global financial industry. That is the view of Commodity Futures Trading Commission Chairman Michael Selig, who argues that event-based markets are evolving beyond their original us

News ·
NewsWhy Wall Street Is Choosing Solana: The Institutional Case Is Growing Stronger

Why Wall Street Is Choosing Solana: The Institutional Case Is Growing Stronger

Solana’s institutional story has changed dramatically. Not long ago, the network was mostly discussed through the lens of crypto-native trading, NFT culture, meme coins, and technical debates over throughput and reliability. Today, the conversation is becoming much more serious. Banks, asset manager

News ·
BitcoinBitcoin and Ethereum Are Leaving Exchanges. Now the Bounce Has Teeth.

Bitcoin and Ethereum Are Leaving Exchanges. Now the Bounce Has Teeth.

The crypto market rarely turns on a single signal, but some signals matter more than others. Right now, one of the most important is hiding in plain sight: Bitcoin and Ethereum are not piling onto exchanges. They are leaving them. At the same time, both assets have bounced sharply from recent lows,

Bitcoin ·
EthereumBitmine’s Ethereum Endgame Comes Into View as Treasury Reaches 4.8% of Global ETH Supply

Bitmine’s Ethereum Endgame Comes Into View as Treasury Reaches 4.8% of Global ETH Supply

Bitmine has pushed its Ethereum accumulation strategy to the edge of a historic threshold, turning what once looked like a bold treasury experiment into one of the most aggressive corporate bets in crypto markets. With 5.74 million ETH now on its balance sheet, the company controls about 4.8% of Eth

Ethereum ·
BitcoinStrategy’s Bitcoin Era Is Ending? Why Institutions Could Become the Market’s Biggest Buyers

Strategy’s Bitcoin Era Is Ending? Why Institutions Could Become the Market’s Biggest Buyers

For the past several years, one company has stood above all others in shaping institutional demand for Bitcoin. Strategy, formerly known as MicroStrategy, transformed itself from an enterprise software company into the world’s largest corporate Bitcoin holder, inspiring dozens of firms to foll

Bitcoin ·
NewsCrypto ETFs Are Bleeding Again, and This Time the Market Cannot Ignore It

Crypto ETFs Are Bleeding Again, and This Time the Market Cannot Ignore It

The panic is not coming from a meme coin collapse, an exchange failure, or a liquidation cascade on some offshore derivatives venue. It is coming from the most institutional corner of the crypto market: spot Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs. Across the first two trading days of the week, Bitcoin ETFs saw r

News ·
NewsCircle’s Stock Slide Shows Wall Street Is Repricing the Stablecoin Wars

Circle’s Stock Slide Shows Wall Street Is Repricing the Stablecoin Wars

Circle’s public-market story was supposed to be simple: stablecoins were going mainstream, regulation was arriving, and USDC would become one of the primary digital dollars for the internet economy. Then Open USD arrived. Within hours of the announcement, Circle’s shares fell sharply, not because US

News ·
NewsAnsem’s $75 Million Memecoin Windfall Shows How Extreme Solana’s Attention Economy Has Become

Ansem’s $75 Million Memecoin Windfall Shows How Extreme Solana’s Attention Economy Has Become

A single wallet can now become the center of a crypto market overnight. That is the story behind $ANSEM, the Solana memecoin tied to trader and influencer Ansem, whose on-chain position has reportedly ballooned into an unrealized gain of roughly $75 million. The numbers are spectacular, but the more

News ·
Jessica Jones - theUnhashed